MTOR and Alzheimer disease: Intriguingly, mTOR inhibitors can reverse cognitive dysfunction and reduce Aβ load in a mouse model of AD (Caccamo et al., 2010; Ma et al., 2010; Spilman et al., 2010) and hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway has been identified both in the developing and aged DS brain (Iyer et al., 2014a; Perluigi et al., 2014b).