In fact, a similar mechanism has been found in pioneer studies which found that the somatic mutations of NF-κB signaling’s negative regulators activate NF-κB pathway in LMP1 negative NPC tumors.27,45 Furthermore, HDACi has been shown to functionally inhibit the oncogenic NF-κB pathway,46,47 thus HDACi might also be useful in these distinct LMP1 negative NF-κB positive subclass cases.27 This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.