TNF and asthma: Pham et al. showed that NETs formation peaked on the second day post-Sendai virus infection and that NETs played a crucial role in the early immune response by recruiting and activating leukocytes such as CD4 + and CD8 + T cells and increasing TNF-α, IL-6, and pathogenesis of asthma through increased TNF-α aggravates AHR as well as recruits inflammatory cells with a positive feedback [67].