The main aim of the present pilot study was to assess the interaction between variants in 5 candidate genes (namely rs9939609 in FTO, rs17782313 near MC4R, rs326 in LPL, rs16147 in NPY, rs2943641 near IRS-1) and nutritional intervention on the changes in anthropometric and clinical parameters as well as in the PREDIMED score and the physical activity levels of overweight or obese subjects affected by T2D or IGR over one-year period/twelve months. This evidence concerns the gene LPL and type 2 diabetes mellitus.