PARP1 and infection: Secreted PARP1 and 8-OHdG levels were increased by 6.5- to 7.0-fold and 1.4- to 1.9-fold, respectively, in C/A and C/S subjects (versus N/H; P < 0.001) (Fig. 3D and E) and exhibited strong association as independent predictors of occurrence of infection (AUC ≥ 0.99; PARP1 R2C&S = 0.698; 8-OHdG R2C&S = 0.682) (Fig. 3F and Table 1; Table S2).