TNF and hereditary spastic paraplegia: Furthermore, the expression levels of other M1 macrophage-related cytokines (iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, CXCL10, and CCR7) were remarkably lower, while those of other M2 macrophage-related cytokines (IL-10, CCL1, CCL2, CCL17, and Arg-1) were significantly higher in the RMDMs of HSP rats compared to normal rats (Figure 2(A,B)), which were consistent the above findings.