Candidate causal T2D SNPs nominated by MPRA include those previously studied using targeted, low throughput luciferase assays, such as rs7903146 (TCF7L2)6,66, rs1635852 (JAZF1)30, rs12189774 (VEGFA)67, rs2943656 (IRS1)7, and rs10428126 (IGF2BP2)7,68. Here, IRS1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.