TNF and Low back pain: We found that LBP was associated with higher serum levels of IL-1B, TNF-alpha, and HS-CRP, and associated with lower serum levels of Fe, total protein, Al, and vit D. Furthermore, severity of pain in LBP to be associated with BMI, serum levels of Fe, total protein, AL, IL-B, IL-1B, TNF-alpha, HS-CRP, and vit D. Although there was not an association between gender and LBP, some studies have found that LBP to be more common among females [15,16].