Of note, after HCV elimination by DAA and under HPgV-2 mono-infection, proinflammatory cytokines including IL-12p40, IP-10, Ck beta 8-1, and IL-1 R5 were significantly downregulated while cytokines to regulate innate immune response such as Toll-like receptors, interferon, and interleukin-1 remained unchanged. The gene discussed is CXCL10; the disease is infection.