ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: Body mass index; COAD: Chronic obstructive airway disease; c/s: culture and sensitivity; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HTN: Hypertension; IVPP: Intravesical prostatic protrusion; IPSS: International Prostate Symptom Score; mL: milliliter; mm: millimeter; mths: months; NA: Not applicable; PSA: Prostate-specific antigen; PVR: Post-void residual; Q1: First quartile; Q3: Third quartile; Qmax: maximum urinary flow rate; QOL: Quality of life; yrs: years. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.