A study comparing proteinuria to albuminuria as CKD biomarkers found that there was a significant correlation between 24-hour proteinuria for protein to creatinine in urine and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and that both protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR) and ACR were suitable biomarkers for cardiovascular events, renal dysfunction, or mortality (Guh, 2010). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is Abnormal renal physiology.