One follow-up study from 1988 reported that high fetal plasma EPO levels were associated with an increased risk of cerebral palsy or death at 2 years of age.13 Further, Korzeniewski et al. found that high EPO levels on a postnatal day 14 are associated with adverse outcomes (very low mental and psychomotor development indices and microcephaly) at 2 years of age in extremely preterm infants.14 The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is microcephaly.