The most significant findings in the analyses of the total discovery cohort (Supplemental Table 3) were an overrepresentation among the COPD of HLA-C*07 (OR = 2.32; 95% CI, 1.51–3.58; P = 0.0001) with an underrepresentation in these participants of HLA-C*12 (OR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.25–0.95; P = 0.03). The gene discussed is HLA-C; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.