VAV2 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: RNA sequencing revealed several upregulated (fold-change > 1.3, P < 0.05) or downregulated (fold-change < 0.7, P < 0.05) gene expression in ESCC cells with VAV2 overexpression or silence (Fig. 3a, b and Supplementary Fig. S3a, b).