A recent scRNA-seq study on human fetal kidneys reported that there was a correlation between fetal renal cell types and a series of some other renal diseases except WT [2].Interestingly, we also identified some marker genes or TFs that were related to particular renal diseases; for instance PAX8 was found to be highly expressed in NPC4 and SSBpod (Figs. 2c and 3c), which was associated with subsequent differentiation based on functional analysis. This evidence concerns the gene PAX8 and kidney disorder.