There are multiple pathways of pro-IL-1β processing and production of active protein involved in CMO development in mice, including NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase-1, additional mechanism involving caspase-8, and neutrophil proteases (multiple have been tested in Pstpip2cmo mice, including elastase, proteinase 3, cathepsins B, C, G) (7, 24). Here, CASP1 is linked to chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis.