That is consistent with other studies reporting that neutrophils may facilitate tumor growth and the formation of metastasis through a various number of mechanisms like: the release of soluble factors and proteases, such as prostaglandin E2 and neutrophil elastase [37,44]; production of pro-angiogenic factors, such as metalloproteinase-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor [9]; or the inhibition of effector T-cells and natural killer cells and modulation of macrophage activity [9,45]. This evidence concerns the gene ELANE and neoplasm.