In light of the truth that small and large CTCs respectively possess diverse chemotherapy‐resistance mechanisms [38], the potential prognostic value of the specific subtypes of heterogeneously sized EpCAM+ and/or vimentin+ aneuploid CTCs and CTECs was analyzed with regard to predicting and timely monitoring therapeutic efficacy or emerging resistance in NSCLC patients subjected to anti‐angiogenic combination therapy. This evidence concerns the gene VIM and non-small cell lung carcinoma.