Among different drug targets, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies with or without anti-CTLA-4 antibodies presented a superior advantage in reducing the risk of death; this indicated that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies with or without anti-CTLA-4 antibodies should be adopted as the first-line therapy for patients with SCLC. Here, CTLA4 is linked to small cell lung carcinoma.