Heterozygous missense variants, p.Ala481Val, p.Arg650Cys, p.Asp678Asn, p.Arg691Trp, in ELFN1 have been identified in a Japanese cohort diagnosed with epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [19]. This evidence concerns the gene ELFN1 and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.