In humans, Matrix-M adjuvant has recently been evaluated with the Ebola virus glycoprotein for safety and immunogenicity [31], and has also been utilized in large scale trials in humans of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein NVX-CoV-2373 vaccine during the COVID-19 during the pandemic [32,33]; studies of CD8+ T cell responses in humans for these vaccines are ongoing. Here, CD8A is linked to COVID-19.