ATG5 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: As shown in our data, the mRNA levels of autophagic genes (Atg5, Atg7, Beclin1, and Tfeb) were found to be remarkably increased in the HFD + DSS group compared with the HFD group (Figure 7A–D), suggesting that uptake of fatty acids triggers autophagy in obesity-related colitis.