TLR4 and osteoarthritis: This, along with gene expression in chondrocytes (Wang et al., 2011), osteoblasts (Kikuchi et al., 2001), and synoviocytes (Midwood et al., 2009), has linked TLR4 to diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (Abdollahi-Roodsaz et al., 2007), osteoarthritis (Gómez et al., 2015), and osteoporosis (Vijayan et al., 2014), where modulation or inhibition of TLR4 has been suggested as a treatment.