KRAS and colorectal carcinoma: Approximately 40% of CRC patients harbor genetic disorders such as mutations in the v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), and neuroblastoma-RAS (NRAS) in the EGFR pathway cascade.