IL4 and infection: Interestingly, cytokines like IL-4 (DF vs DSS, p<0.01), IL-8 (DF vs DHF, p<0.05 and DF vs DSS, p<0.05), and IL-10 (DF vs DHF, p<0.0001 and DF vs DSS, p<0.01) had significant upregulation in acute phase of infection (DF) than the DHF and DSS (Figure 8B).