TNF and Cerebral ischemia: By replicating the rat model of cerebral ischemia, this study explored whether THSWD can reduce cell necrosis and neuroinflammation in the rat model of MCAO by inhibiting the expression levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IBA-1, and MPO inflammatory factors as well as the TNF-α/RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway.