CD8A and neoplasm: Three distinct distribution patterns of CD8+ T cells were identified: (1) high densities of intraepithelial CD8+ T cells corresponding to inflamed tumors associated with a favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibition; (2) a poor infiltrate corresponding to non-inflamed/desert tumors, or (3) high densities of CD8+ T cells at the tumor margin without tumor infiltration, referred to as immune excluded6,10.