DYRK1A and leukemia: DYRK1A likely plays a tumor type-specific role, so whether DYRK1A inhibition would promote or inhibit tumor cell growth depends on the tissue type and tumor microenvironment.Although DYRK1A is most widely characterized for its role in brain development, DYRK1A is overexpressed in various diseases, including many types of cancers, such as leukemia [193,194], pancreatic adenocarcinoma [195,196,197], and gliomas [198,199].