TRPV1 and Parkinson disease: Specifically, activation of TRPV1 on astrocytes increases endogenous CNTF synthesis in vivo, enhancing the viability of dopaminergic neurons through activation of the CNTF receptor alpha subunit (CNTFRα) and preventing neurodegeneration and inducing the recovery of motor performance after administration of MPP+ and 6-OHDA in PD rat models [20,21,22,23].