CD8A and neoplasm: Serafini et al. reported that sildenafil and tadalafil, both of which are inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), increase antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and act synergistically with adoptive vaccine-primed CD8+ T cell therapy to delay tumor outgrowth in preclinical mouse models by downregulating ARG1 and iNOS activity [95].