GADD45GIP1 and Hyperglycemia: The impaired CRIF1 system was speculated to prohibit the proper function of mtDNA and the synthesis of oxidative phosphorylation complexes, thus resulting in the worsening of mitochondrial damage, where cells initiate apoptotic cell death (Figure 8C) to protect the cochlear cells from further damage by hyperglycemia-induced cytokines and other cellular stresses.