Total vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf) was less in the BPD group, which increased considerably after treatment with AVR-48 (Figure 8B); conversely, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) [42] and bone morphometric protein receptor (BmpR)II, which are known to be elevated in BPD [43,44], were significantly decreased in the AVR-48 treated group (Figure 8C). Here, NOS3 is linked to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.