Given that dysfunction of dopamine transmission is a major hypothesis for schizophrenia, it is conceivable that a pH change due to abnormal activities of NHE1 and NHE3 occurs in the brains of schizophrenia patients and affects the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, as well as the action of antipsychotic drugs. The gene discussed is SLC9A1; the disease is schizophrenia.