GPT and Insulin resistance: Routine biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urea, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum concentrations of insulin, glucagon and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IFNγ), show significant decrease after surgery, while high density lipoproteins (HDL) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF–β 1) increase [187,196].