INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The KD (55–60% fat, 30–35% protein, and 5–10% carbohydrate) has been used for almost a century for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy in children [16] due to its anticonvulsant properties; in recent years, the KD has also become an increasingly popular nutritional strategy for people with type 1 diabetes, owing to significant decreases in insulin requirements and greater blood glucose stability between meals [17].