The time course of biomarkers after pathogen exposure in blood usually follows by (1) leukocytosis (such as count, morphological change of WBC), (2) inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6, TNF-α), (3) inflammatory proteins (such as CRP, PCT), (4) poor perfusion-related markers (low pH, lactate), and (5) coagulopathy (elevated D-dimers, fibrin). Here, TNF is linked to Increased total leukocyte count.