Recent studies proved the efficient induction of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed against leukemia-associated antigens: BCR-ABL1, the receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), Wilms Tumor-1 (WT-1), proteinase 3 (PR3), preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), M-phase phosphoprotein (MPP11), Aurora A kinase (AURKA), and human chromosome X open reading frame 48 (CXorf48) in CML [92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100]. The gene discussed is AURKA; the disease is melanoma.