DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In non-critically ill patients with T2D, a multidose insulin regimen that involves once-daily basal insulin and bolus of rapid-acting insulin before meals [10,11] and, most recently, the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors alone or in combination with basal insulin [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19] are the preferred therapies for treating in-hospital hyperglycaemia.