Due to intrinsic limitations of tissue genotyping, liquid biopsy is currently recommended for NSCLC patients for two applications: detection of EGFR sensitising mutation at diagnosis, when tissue biopsy is not informative, and detection of EGFR resistance mutations at relapse after treatment with EGFR first- or second-generation TKIs inhibitors [3]. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.