F5 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Overall, patients with stable COPD exhibit major alterations of fibrinogen, FII, FV, FVII, FVIII, FIX, D-dimers, von Willebrand factor Ag, von Willebrand factor Ac, TF, TAT, FPA, β-thromboglobulin, tPA-PAI, prothrombin fragment 1 and 2, and maximum thrombin levels, pointing to hypercoagulability.