The pathological features of these patients overlap with those of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) and are presumably caused by direct neural damage and long-term production of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, TNFα, Il-1β) secreted by WNV specific T cells [117,118]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Alzheimer disease.