Iqbal et al. reported multiple types of ANK-3 mutations in patients with NDDs [94]: one patient had borderline intelligence, ADHD, ASD, and cognitive problems caused by the balanced chromosomal translocation of ANK-3, and in a Pakistani family, moderate ID, and ADHD-like phenotype and behavioral problems were associated with a homozygous single base pair truncating frameshift mutation in ANK-3 [94]. Here, ANK3 is linked to attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.