On the other side, Exos can expand neuroinflammation through inflammasome protein, the nucleotide-binding domain, and leucine-rich repeat containing 1 (NLRP1) in traumatic brain-injured patients [82], spread the β-amyloid peptides in Alzheimer disease patients [10] and propagate the protein TDP-43, of which the aggregation causes frontotemporal dementia [83]. Here, TARDBP is linked to frontotemporal dementia.