INS and Insulin resistance: In addition, we observed a significant decrease in insulin-induced AKT, p42/44 MAPK and p70S6K phosphorylation in aorta artery and heart from iLIRKO mice compared to control mice at 6 and 12 months of age, demonstrating that hepatic insulin resistance impairs cardiovascular insulin signaling (Figure 1B,C,E,F).