ESR1 and breast carcinoma: In cancer cell lines, we demonstrated that membrane-bound Erα induces the rapid and persistent activation of PI3K-AKT [32], thus leading, among other effects, to the block of NGB degradation, the increase in NGB gene transcription via CREB, and NGB translocation to the mitochondria, which culminate in breast cancer survival against oxidative stress and the apoptosis prevention [15,16].