Small airway fibroblasts in COPD are profibrotic (secrete collagens 1A1/3A1, MMP2 and MMP9), pro-inflammatory (increased CXCL8 secretion), senescent (elevated p21 and p16 expression) [70] and express reduced levels of antioxidants (Superoxide dismutase 2 and 3) [73,74]. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.