NPAS4 and infection: For infection-induced liver injury, the mmu_circRNA_005186/miR-124-3p/Epha2 axis is associated with LPS-induced inflammation, and silencing mmu_circRNA_005186 attenuates this kind of inflammation [98]; circ_0003420 also mediates LPS-induced cellular injury and inflammation, mainly by targeting the neuronal PAS domain protein 4 (NPAS4) mRNA [99].