In this context, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium and other projects have found that some genes related to antioxidant regulatory mechanisms, including the genes encoding for NRF2, NFE2L2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and its negative regulator, KEAP1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated Protein 1), are altered in several lung cancers [10,11,12]. This evidence concerns the gene KEAP1 and lung cancer.