In a larger follow-up study on 1417 NKTCL cases and 20,402 controls, Lin et al. subsequently identified two novel loci significantly associated with NKTCL development, independent of the risk conferred by HLA-DPB1, implicating inflammation and immune regulation through the IL18–IL18RAP axis and antigen presentation involving HLA-DRB1 [9]. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is extranodal nasal NK/T cell lymphoma.