Moreover, newly established cardiac cachexia of multifactorial origin—including endotoxemia, chronic inflammation, long-term neurohormonal overactivation, and upregulation of the transcription the proteolytic ubiquitin–proteasome pathway components—has been described, with only NTproBNP recommended to diagnose this condition as of the date [40]. Here, NPPB is linked to serum lipopolysaccharide activity.